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Definition
Short message service (SMS) is
a globally accepted wireless service that enables the transmission of
alphanumeric messages between mobile subscribers and external systems
such as electronic mail, paging, and voice-mail systems.

SMS appeared on
the wireless scene in 1991 in Europe. The European standard for digital
wireless, now known as the Global System for Mobile Communications
(GSM), included short messaging services from the outset
In North America, SMS was made available
initially on digital wireless networks built by early pioneers such as
BellSouth Mobility, PrimeCo, and Nextel, among others. These digital
wireless networks are based on GSM, code division multiple access
(CDMA), and time division multiple access (TDMA) standards
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